The PIN Verification Value is a 4-digit value derived from the PAN, PIN, and a PVV Key using 3DES encryption. It is stored by the issuer and used to verify PINs without storing the actual PIN. Part of the Visa PVV method.
Inputs
PAN: Primary Account Number (card number).
PIN: The cardholder's PIN.
PVKI: PIN Verification Key Indicator (0-6). Selects which PVV key to use.
PVV Key: The double-length 3DES key used for PVV calculation (16 bytes / 32 hex chars).
Tips
PVV is a one-way derivation — the issuer stores the PVV and recomputes it to verify the PIN.
Only the first 4 PIN digits participate in PVV calculation.